Postmodern architecture evolved from the modernist movement, yet contradicts many of the modernist ideas. Combining new ideas with traditional forms, postmodernist buildings may startle, surprise, and even amuse. Familiar shapes and details are used in unexpected ways. Buildings may incorporate symbols to make a statement or simply to delight the viewer.
Philip Johnson's At&T Headquarters is often cited as an example of postmodernism. Like many buildings in the International Style, the skyscraper has a sleek, classical facade. At the top, however, is an oversized "Chippendale" pediment.
The key ideas of Postmodernism are set forth in two important books by Robert Venturi:Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture and Learning from Las Vegas.
Postmodern Architects:
Modernism architecture
Modernist architecture emphasizes function. It attempts to provide for specific needs rather than imitate nature. The roots of Modernism may be found in the work of Berthold Luberkin (1901-1990), a Russian architect who settled in London and founded a group called Tecton. The Tecton architects believed in applying scientific, analytical methods to design. Their stark buildings ran counter to expectations and often seemed to defy gravity.
Modernist architecture can express a number of stylistic ideas, including:
- Structuralism
- Formalism
- Bauhaus
- The International Style
- Desert Modernism
- Mid-Century, or Mid-Twentieth Century, Modernism
- Brutalism
- Minimalism
Modernist architecture has these features:
- Little or no ornamentation
- Factory-made parts
- Man-made materials such as metal and concrete
- Emphasis on function
- Rebellion against traditional styles
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